African American Cinema Essay Example for Free

African American Cinema Essay The subject of African-Americans in Motion Pictures provides some of the most interesting studies along with the many controversial interpretations of the roles as actors they played on screen. As far back as the silent films era, African-Americans have been featured in motion pictures playing roles depicting some aspect of acting and being purveyors of a black image. The messages or themes of these movies have over the years presented a mixture of images based upon what was thought to please the viewers of each particular film. Unfortunately, many of those films showed black characters in negative stereotypical roles, which the average African-Americans would never truly identify as being like themselves. Since many of our American icons and heroes have come from our motion picture stars, we need to understand what this narrow view presented and compare it with what we presently see at our local cinema today. The movies Guess Whos Coming To Dinner (1967), Shaft (1971), Do The Right Thing (1989), Boys n the Hood (1991), and Menace to Society (1993) show a thematic style and stereotypes in the way that black films have progressed over the years. The motion picture industry was never too quick to change their approach in presenting African-Americans in realistic roles depicting social or civil conditions in an integrated context. Many of these roles required scenes showing African-Americans in positions of authority or relating to white Americans in a positive way. This Integration Period therefore brought together African-American actors with scenes along side white actors in roles showing both players dealing with racial conflict and resolution. Guess Whos Coming to Dinner was truly a unique film for its time in that Sidney Poitiers character breaks all the stereotypical views of blacks in American Cinema. In the early 1930s blacks were portrayed as lower class, slow-witted figures of entertainment, often showed in menstrual shows. Poitiers character broke all these stereotypes. 1971 brought to the big screen a successive series of superhero black or blaxploitation films. Shaft was released in 1971, and Richard Roundtree was the superman black hero detective. He was compared by many to the white James Bond. Related to Guess Whos Coming to Dinner, Shaft took it up a notch in showing a black man as a hero. Poitiers role was one to equalize whites and blacks in their roles in American cinema, but Shaft showed a black man who was an authoritative figure. Different themes can be mixed in between the two movies. They both show an intelligent black man that has a grip on reality. Both movies showed themes of how integration has struck America. They differ though on a level in that Shaft was a black dominant cast and Guess Whos Coming to Dinner was predominantly white. Do the Right Thing, Boyz n the Hood, and Menace to Society were all produced in a more modern era, hence the fact that they all have similar racial themes. The films all paint a picture of urban Black America in their time period. All three films are thought to be racially reactionary films aimed at the psyche of both black and white viewers. The movies were all a success due to the touched topics of racial situations, ethnic tensions, and human encounters of anger. The superb casts of both black and white actors made the motion picture industry aware of a newer avenue for films and race relations. African-Americans in motion pictures in todays expanding world of visual imagery can be seen on many expanding fronts. We see the making of motion pictures on subjects or themes which can be taken from history, life experiences, music, and unexplored events. Todays markets are open, and African-Americans are taking advantage of these open door opportunities. Actors and actresses are expanding their roles from stage acting to movies to TV miniseries to video cassettes or discs, and roles taken from books, plus movie soundtracks. In our world today African-American actors and actresses will always have a place in American Cinema and their future looks bright and promising.

Cfcs Cause Deterioration Of The Ozone Layer :: essays research papers fc

Cfcs Cause Deterioration of the Ozone Layer   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The deterioration of the ozone layer , caused by Cfcs, endangers the lives of humans'. Cfcs have a diminishing effect on the ozone layer. Furthermore, the deterioration of the ozone cause an increase of Ultraviolet (UV) radiation which can have a negative effect on human skin and eyes. As a writer for newsweek, I have investigated the scenario and found the following information.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The earth's atmosphere is a blanket of air that surrounds the planet. This atmospheric air is made up of many different gases, 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and 1% of a dozen or more other gases like carbon dioxide, helium, and ozone.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This atmosphere extends many miles out from the earth's surface. However, this layer is not a uniform layer, from top to bottom. As one moves out from the planet's surface the atmosphere becomes progressively dense. This atmosphere can be divide into four major regions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first region is the troposphere which extends about 6.5 miles above the planet's surface. The troposphere contains the oxygen that we breath and is where a majority of our weather takes place.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Beyond the troposphere is the second region of the atmosphere, the stratosphere. The stratosphere extends from roughly 6.5-30 miles from the earth's' surface. The air on this region is much less dense than in the troposphere, and it's a lot drier. The stratosphere is the area that contains the majority of the ozone layer.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Past the stratosphere is the mesosphere which extends to 50 miles above the planet. The last region is the thermosphere. The thermosphere's outermost edge is roughly 600 miles above the surface of the earth. Beyond it, the airless vacuum of space begins.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Oxygen is made up of two oxygen atoms that are bonded together. In the periodic table it is represented by O2.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Like oxygen, ozone is a gas that is made up of oxygen atoms. However, a molecule of ozone is made up of three atoms of oxygen bonded together, therefore, O3, represents ozone. The ozone makes up only .01% of the atmosphere. Furthermore, 90% of the ozone is found in the stratosphere. It is concentrated in a layer between 7 and 22 miles above the earth's surface.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The massive depth of the ozone in the stratosphere would lead you to believe that it is very thick, it is not. If it were condensed, the ozone layer would only be a few millimeters thick (Rowland and Molina 1994. p.23).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The ozone is made in the stratosphere. It is continuously being formed, broken down, and reformed, over and over again. Furthermore, the three key

Business Purposes Meetiing Aims and Objectives

The BBC is continuing its focus on delivering the best possible value for for licence fee payers. It means focusing on improving efficiency and generating maximum returns on their assets. By 2013 they will have delivered efficiency savings totalling nearly  £2Billion meeting their 3% annual savings target. They are now two years into their five-year efficiency programme, and by 2013 the work they already done will generate efficiency savings of  £1,453million, which is the equivalent to 73% of their total savings target. They have succeeded in reducing the license fee evasion to just 5.2% of income a 0.1% improvement on last year. BBC Worldwide has achieved a significant increase in profitability this year from  £106million to  £145million by growing its new business areas. This improved performance will benefit the BBC as they will put it into new and original programming. Maximising the impact of the license fee Maximising the returns they make on programmes paid for by the license fee. Their main commercial subsidiary, BBC Worldwide was created to generate the maximum return on programmes paid for the license fee payers. To achieve this they sell BBC programmes, formats and merchandise across the world. Spreading the benefit of the license fee across the whole of the UK The BBC is for all license fee payers across the whole Of the UK. They are committed to growing the whole country's creative industries and production talent. That is why one of the key metrics is the proportion of money they spend on the network televisions outside of London. Keeping costs down where ever possible. They Have made an increase in Scotland, Northern Island and Wales. According to an independent study impact of the BBC as helped create and support over 7,000 jobs in Glasgow, Cardiff and Bristol. They also offer a pension scheme to all their employee's at a rate that is reasonable and affordable to all those who work for them. So all in all the BBC are meeting both their aims and objectives according to my research. They make a profit as well as help support the public and bring the nation together with its music stations and televised programmes. They have to work within their budget given to them by the government and if they underspend then they have to give it back. Their turnover is relatively healthy and they do continue to make a profit each year which is good for all of us in the long run.

unit 332 Essay - 2148 Words

Supporting Teaching and Learning Level 3 Diploma Unit 332 – Engage in personal development in health, social care in children`s and young people`s settings Outcome 1 1.1 At present employed at Cheam Park Farm Junior School in Year 5 as per the job description (see attachment 1) I have a range of duties such as enabling access to learning pupils and to assist the teacher in the management of pupils and the classroom. Supervising and providing particular support for pupils and ensuring their safety and access to learning activities but also challenging children to make them work to the best of their ability. Supervising children at playtime and making sure there playing safely individually and in groups. Setting out†¦show more content†¦2.2 Reflecting on my practise by identifying personally what I found hard and how I could improve and gain more knowledge and extend. Also by completing a SWOC analysis(see attachment 2) for my own feelings and what I as an individual would like to gain more knowledge on and what current opportunities would be available to me and what may prevent me from turning my weaknesses into strengths. In class I als o answered some questions on what I have learnt about myself as a TA and what were my highest/lowest emotional moments in the current week this was a good way of reflecting on my practise as made think on what my strengths and weaknesses are and what I need to progress on (see attachment 3) In my place of work we also every 6-8 months have a performance management meeting with our line manager to discuss what courses we would like to attend and what we would like to progress on(see attachment 4). During the course of Unit 332 we complete a PDP (personal development plans) by using SMART targets to address development/learning we want to improve on ( see attachment 5). Specific- target states exactly what is required Measurable- you have to be able to measure whether the target has been achieved Achievable- the target should be accessible Realistic- you have to have access to the training or resources required Time-bound – must have a time limit (short/mid/longer term) Johari`s (Luft 1970) The Jorahi`s Window is like a grid It goes from the obviousShow MoreRelatedUnit 332 Support Individuals in End of Life Care3173 Words   |  13 Pages1.1 There are agreed ways of working and legal requirements in place that are designed to protect the rights of an individual during end of life care, these are as follows: †¢ Data Protection, recording, reporting, confidentiality and sharing information †¢ The making of wills and living wills †¢ Equality, Diversity and Discrimination †¢ Visitors †¢ Safeguarding of vulnerable adults †¢ Removal of medical equipment from deceased people †¢ Dealing with personal property of deceased people †¢ RiskRead MoreDesign Parameters And Contingency Factors Essay950 Words   |  4 Pagespersonal perspectives of how his work help us gain more understanding beyond scientific management in terms of contingency factors and standardization. 1.Mintzberg’s five organisational configurations a. 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